Jurisprudence and Law
Mohammad Javad Javid
Abstract
Governments have commitments with respect to the natural rights of individuals. The right to religion and the right to knowledge are two of the citizens’ natural rights which can be defined in compliance with the constitution. Hence, religion and knowledge are among the subject matters of fundamental ...
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Governments have commitments with respect to the natural rights of individuals. The right to religion and the right to knowledge are two of the citizens’ natural rights which can be defined in compliance with the constitution. Hence, religion and knowledge are among the subject matters of fundamental rights in the Iranian as well as the French revolution. Each of the two revolutions has enjoyed the concept of faith and ideology to such an extent that they have influenced various areas and arenas after the revolution. Therefore, this paper is based on the hypothesis that the two revolutions of 1789 and 1979, one being against religion and the other for it, have had similar impacts on culture and in particular public understanding. In this regard, paying attention to the central role of the state commitments in strengthening and reducing the costs of a believer citizen can serve as an explanation concerning the extent of such impact in the present situation.Keywords: Iran, France, Law, Religion, Education, Laïcité.Governments have commitments with respect to the natural rights of individuals. The right to religion and the right to knowledge are two of the citizens’ natural rights which can be defined in compliance with the constitution. Hence, religion and knowledge are among the subject matters of fundamental rights in the Iranian as well as the French revolution. Each of the two revolutions has enjoyed the concept of faith and ideology to such an extent that they have influenced various areas and arenas after the revolution. Therefore, this paper is based on the hypothesis that the two revolutions of 1789 and 1979, one being against religion and the other for it, have had similar impacts on culture and in particular public understanding. In this regard, paying attention to the central role of the state commitments in strengthening and reducing the costs of a believer citizen can serve as an explanation concerning the extent of such impact in the present situation.
Jurisprudence and Law
Mohammad Javad Javid
Abstract
In presenting a lawful image of society, the sociology of law faces the difficultly of constructing a legal definition. Identity analysis is the main issue for the legal and sociological disciplines. Identity as an individual right versus identity as a collective culture creates an unending conflict ...
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In presenting a lawful image of society, the sociology of law faces the difficultly of constructing a legal definition. Identity analysis is the main issue for the legal and sociological disciplines. Identity as an individual right versus identity as a collective culture creates an unending conflict between legal sociologists inside each discipline. The present paper takes this challenge as an assumption and goes on to focus on the Iranian identity to provide an analysis based on natural rights. The hypothesis is that identity, as a fundamental right, develops outside the society, while identity as culture, though looked upon from a legal perspective, is a right under the statutory rights, which is closer to the sociologist analysis. The value of this perspective in research lies in its presentation of a solution to the deviated analyses of the Iranian identity forged over the past few centuries.
